history of colonialism

Colonialism is the practice where powerful countries establish control over other regions, often to access resources, expand influence, and spread their culture. Historically, European nations like Britain, Spain, and France explored and occupied parts of Africa, Asia, and the Americas from the 15th century onward. This process involved establishing colonies through conquest, often displacing indigenous peoples and exploiting their land and resources. Colonialism shaped global trade, borders, and societies, leaving a lasting impact—both positive and negative—on the former colonies and their populations. It is a significant chapter in world history, highlighting issues of power, inequality, and cultural change.