history of archaeology

The history of archaeology traces the systematic study of human past through the excavation and analysis of artifacts and sites. Early efforts began with explorers collecting curiosities, but by the 19th century, archaeology became more scientific, focusing on context and dating methods. Innovations like stratigraphy and radiocarbon dating improved accuracy. Throughout the 20th century, interdisciplinary techniques advanced understanding of ancient societies. Today, archaeology emphasizes preservation, cultural heritage, and ethical practices, blending scientific analysis with respect for the cultures studied. Its evolution reflects a shift from treasure hunting to a rigorous pursuit of human history and cultural understanding.