Historical Geography of London

The historical geography of London reflects its evolution from a Roman settlement called Londinium to a sprawling modern metropolis. Originally confined within Roman walls, the city expanded through medieval trade, Industrial Revolution growth, and suburban development. Key features include the City of London as a financial hub, historic landmarks like Westminster, and expanding suburbs. River Thames shaped its trade and layout, while transportation advancements like railways and eventually the Underground facilitated growth. London's geography reveals layers of history, reflecting social, economic, and technological changes that transformed it into a diverse, global city.