Histone methylation

Histone methylation is a biological process where chemical groups called methyl groups are added to histones, which are protein structures around which DNA is wrapped. This modification can influence how tightly or loosely DNA is packaged, thereby regulating gene activity. When methyl groups are added to certain histones, they can either turn genes on or off, helping cells control which genes are active at a given time. This process is essential for normal development, cell function, and can also play a role in diseases when misregulated.