histocompatibility testing

Histocompatibility testing evaluates how well a donor's tissue matches a recipient's immune system, primarily focusing on identifying compatible tissue types such as HLA (human leukocyte antigen) markers. These markers are proteins on cell surfaces that influence immune response. The testing helps predict whether the recipient's body will accept or reject a transplanted organ or tissue. By ensuring close matching, the risk of rejection decreases, increasing the chances of transplant success. This process involves laboratory analysis of blood or tissue samples to compare genetic markers, facilitating safer and more effective transplantation outcomes.