Hindbrain

The hindbrain is the part of the brain located at the lower back, essential for basic life functions. It includes structures like the medulla, pons, and cerebellum. The medulla controls automatic processes such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure. The pons helps with sleep, breathing, and coordination of movements. The cerebellum manages balance, posture, and fine motor skills. Together, these structures ensure vital functions operate smoothly, allowing us to breathe, stay balanced, and respond automatically to our environment without conscious effort.