Hess's law

Hess's law states that the total amount of energy released or absorbed in a chemical reaction is the same, no matter how the reaction occurs, as long as the starting and ending points are the same. This means if a reaction can happen in steps or all at once, the total energy change remains unchanged. It allows chemists to calculate energy changes for complex reactions by breaking them into simpler, known steps, simplifying the process of understanding and predicting chemical behavior.