Helmert transformation

The Helmert transformation is a mathematical method used to convert coordinates from one system to another, typically in geodesy or mapping. It accounts for differences in position, orientation, and scale between two coordinate systems. Essentially, it involves applying small adjustments—translations (shifting the origin), rotations (changing the angle), and scaling (resizing)—to align one set of points with another accurately. This transformation ensures that measurements and mapped locations correspond correctly across different reference frameworks, providing precise positioning for navigation, surveying, and geographic data integration.