Hedge's g

Hedge’s g is a statistical measure used to compare the difference between two groups' average scores while accounting for the variability (spread) within those groups. It provides a standardized way to understand how large or meaningful that difference is, regardless of the units of measurement. Essentially, it tells us if two groups differ significantly in a way that’s not just due to chance, by quantifying the effect size. Larger values of Hedge’s g indicate a bigger difference between groups, making it a useful tool for summarizing research findings across different studies.