HDACs

HDACs, or histone deacetylases, are enzymes that regulate gene expression by removing acetyl groups from histones, the protein structures around which DNA is wound. When acetyl groups are removed, the DNA becomes more tightly packed, reducing gene activity. Conversely, adding acetyl groups loosens DNA, increasing gene expression. HDACs play essential roles in cell function, development, and response to environmental signals. They are involved in processes like cell growth and differentiation, and their activity is linked to health and disease, including cancer and neurological disorders. HDAC inhibitors are being explored as potential therapies to modify gene activity in various conditions.