Hartree method

The Hartree method is a way scientists approximate how electrons behave within an atom or molecule. Because electrons repel each other due to their negative charge, their interactions are complex to calculate precisely. The Hartree method simplifies this by assuming each electron moves independently in an average or "mean" field created by all other electrons. This approach turns a complicated many-electron problem into a set of easier, single-electron problems, making calculations more manageable while still providing useful insights into the atom's or molecule's structure and behavior.