Hardy-Weinberg principle in fish populations

The Hardy-Weinberg principle explains how the genetic makeup of a fish population stays stable over generations when no outside forces affect it. It predicts the frequencies of different genes and their variations (alleles) based on initial conditions. If the population is large, mating is random, and there's no influence from mutation, migration, or natural selection, these gene frequencies remain constant. In essence, it provides a baseline to understand how populations evolve, helping scientists identify when and why genetic changes occur over time.