Hardy-Weinberg principle

The Hardy-Weinberg principle is a fundamental concept in genetics that describes how gene frequencies remain constant in a large, randomly mating population, assuming there are no other influencing factors (like mutations, natural selection, or migration). It provides a mathematical framework to predict how traits are passed down through generations. When these conditions are met, the genetic makeup of the population stabilizes over time, allowing scientists to assess evolutionary changes. This principle helps in understanding genetic diversity and studying evolutionary processes.