Hōnen (Hōnen Shōnin)

Hōnen (Hōnen Shōnin, 1133–1212) was a Japanese Buddhist monk who founded the Jōdō Pure Land school. He emphasized devotion to Amida Buddha and believed that by sincerely calling upon His name (nembutsu), anyone could attain enlightenment and rebirth in the Pure Land—a blissful realm where enlightenment is assured. Hōnen challenged strict traditional practices, making Buddhism more accessible to common people, emphasizing faith and repetitive prayer over complex rituals. His teachings significantly influenced Japanese Buddhism, promoting a focus on devotion and compassion as central spiritual paths for all.