Guttman Scaling

Guttman scaling is a way to measure attitudes or knowledge by creating a series of statements arranged in order of difficulty or specificity. In this method, respondents indicate their agreement or understanding. If someone responds positively to a more specific or challenging statement, they are likely to agree with easier statements too. For example, in general knowledge, if a person correctly answers a complex question about history, it's inferred they likely know simpler historical facts as well. This helps researchers understand the depth of knowledge and the connections between different levels of understanding.