Gum disease

Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an infection of the tissues that support your teeth, caused by bacteria in plaque buildup. In its early stage, called gingivitis, gums may become red, swollen, and bleed easily. If left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, where the supporting bone and tissue are damaged, leading to loose teeth or tooth loss. Factors like poor oral hygiene, smoking, and health conditions like diabetes increase risk. Treatment involves professional cleanings, improved oral care, and sometimes medications or surgery to restore gum health and prevent further damage.