Gromov-Wasserstein distance

The Gromov-Wasserstein distance is a mathematical tool used to compare two complex structures, like networks or shapes, by measuring how well one can be "mapped" onto the other while preserving their internal relationships. Instead of directly comparing points, it looks at the overall patterns and relationships within each structure. This helps to quantify their similarity even if they are represented differently or are in different spaces, making it useful in areas like shape analysis, graph comparison, and machine learning.