Gregory IX

Gregory IX was a pope from 1227 to 1241, known for strengthening the authority of the Catholic Church. He issued numerous laws and papal decrees, most notably the Papal Inquisition, aimed at rooting out heresy and maintaining religious unity. Gregory also supported the arts and education, founding the University of Montpellier. His leadership helped shape medieval Christianity, balancing spiritual authority with political influence, though sometimes through strict or controversial measures. Overall, he played a significant role in defining the church’s power during the Middle Ages.