Grating equation

The grating equation describes how light splits into different directions when it hits a surface with many tiny, evenly spaced lines called a diffraction grating. It states that the angles at which light waves are bent (or diffracted) depend on the light's wavelength, the spacing between lines, and the order of diffraction. In simple terms, it predicts where specific colors of light will appear when they pass through or reflect off the grating, allowing precise control and analysis of light spectra for applications like spectroscopy and laser systems.