Grand Unified Theories

Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) are scientific models that aim to unify the three fundamental forces of nature—electromagnetism, the weak nuclear force, and the strong nuclear force—into a single, cohesive framework. Currently, these forces are described separately by different theories, but GUTs suggest they are different aspects of one underlying force at extremely high energies, moments after the Big Bang. This unification could help explain the early universe's conditions and the fundamental nature of matter. Although promising, GUTs remain theoretical and are still subject to experimental verification.