Gramsci's Theory of Hegemony

Gramsci's Theory of Hegemony explains how a dominant group maintains control not just through force or laws, but by shaping societal norms, values, and beliefs so that their worldview becomes accepted as "common sense." This cultural influence makes the ideas of the ruling class seem natural and universal, thereby securing their power more effectively. In essence, hegemony is about ideological leadership—through media, education, and culture—that persuades people to support the status quo willingly, creating a form of social consent that sustains dominance without constant coercion.