Graham-and-Dodd philosophy

The Graham-and-Dodd philosophy, developed by Benjamin Graham and David Dodd, emphasizes value investing—buying undervalued stocks based on their intrinsic worth rather than market trends. They advocated for thorough fundamental analysis, focusing on a company's financial health, earnings, and dividends. The core idea is to invest with a margin of safety, ensuring a cushion against errors or market fluctuations. This disciplined approach aims to achieve long-term investment success by identifying hidden value, thus encouraging a rational and patient mindset in volatile markets. Their principles remain foundational in investment strategy today.