grading and drainage techniques

Grading and drainage involve shaping land and managing water flow to prevent issues like flooding and erosion. Grading adjusts the slope of the ground to direct water away from structures and onto designated areas, ensuring proper runoff. Drainage techniques include installing pipes (like French drains), channels, or ditches to carry excess water away efficiently. These methods help maintain a stable, part of the landscape, reducing water accumulation and soil damage, which are essential for the longevity of foundations, gardens, and infrastructure. Proper grading and drainage contribute to a balanced land landscape by controlling water movement effectively.