Gozan of the West

Gozan of the West refers to a group of scholars and writers in medieval Japan, particularly during the Heian period (794–1185), who studied Chinese literature and culture. "Gozan" means “Five Mountains,” symbolizing their connection to five major Zen Buddhist temples that served as centers for learning and scholarly activity. These scholars translated Chinese texts, composed poetry, and fostered cultural exchange between China and Japan. Their work significantly influenced Japanese literature and arts, helping to shape the country's intellectual and aesthetic development during that era.