Gothic architecture (early)

Early Gothic architecture, emerging in 12th-century France, is characterized by verticality and light. It features tall structures with pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses that distribute weight outward, allowing walls to be thinner and taller. Large stained-glass windows, especially rose windows, fill interiors with colorful light, creating an uplifting atmosphere. The design emphasizes reaching upward, giving a sense of divine aspiration. Overall, early Gothic architecture combines technical innovation with aesthetic elegance, transforming church designs to inspire awe and reflect spiritual grandeur.