Glycosylation pathways

Glycosylation pathways are biological processes where sugars are attached to proteins and lipids, forming glycoproteins and glycolipids. This modification occurs mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus within cells, and it influences how proteins fold, stabilize, and communicate. There are different types of glycosylation, such as N-linked and O-linked, each involving specific sugar attachments. These pathways are crucial for proper cell function, immune response, and development. Disruptions in glycosylation can lead to various diseases, including congenital disorders and cancer. Overall, glycosylation is essential for cellular communication and protein functionality.