glycerol

Glycerol, also known as glycerin, is a smooth, thick, and sweet-tasting liquid that is widely used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. It is a type of alcohol with three carbon atoms and three hydroxyl groups, which makes it very hygroscopic—meaning it attracts and holds moisture. In the body, glycerol is a byproduct of fat breakdown and can be used as a source of energy or converted into glucose. Its properties as a humectant help keep products moist, while its safety and versatility make it valuable in many applications.