glomeruli

Glomeruli are tiny, specialized structures in the kidneys that act as filters. Each one consists of a network of small blood vessels called capillaries, surrounded by a capsule. Blood flows into the glomerulus, where waste products and excess fluids are filtered out, while valuable substances like red blood cells and large proteins stay in the bloodstream. The filtered fluid then moves into the kidney tubules to be further processed into urine. Glomeruli are essential for maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance, removing waste, and regulating blood pressure.