Glashow–Weinberg–Salam theory

The Glashow–Weinberg–Salam theory is a fundamental framework in particle physics explaining how forces and particles interact, forming the electroweak force. It unifies the electromagnetic force (which governs light and magnetism) with the weak nuclear force (involved in radioactive decay). The theory introduces particles called W and Z bosons that carry the weak force, and explains how particles like electrons and quarks acquire mass through the Higgs mechanism. This model successfully predicts phenomena observed in experiments and earned the scientists a Nobel Prize, laying the groundwork for our modern understanding of fundamental particles and forces.