geology of Mars

Mars' geology reveals a diverse landscape shaped by volcanic activity, impact cratering, and erosion. Its surface features massive volcanoes like Olympus Mons, the tallest known in the solar system, and vast canyon systems such as Valles Marineris, formed by tectonic and erosional forces. Mars has a thick, layered crust containing sediments, minerals, and evidence of past water flow, including dried riverbeds and mineral deposits. The planet's geological history suggests it once had a thicker atmosphere and liquid water, highlighting its dynamic past. Studying Mars’ geology helps us understand its evolution and the potential for past habitability.