Geological formation

A geological formation is a naturally occurring layer or group of layers of rock, soil, or mineral deposits that have formed over time through processes like sedimentation, volcanic activity, or erosion. These formations can vary in size from small patches to extensive regions and tell a story about Earth's history, such as past environments and climate changes. Geologists study formations to understand the Earth's development, resource locations, and natural hazards. Essentially, formations are the Earth's way of preserving a record of its dynamic processes, allowing scientists to interpret the planet’s geological past and predict future changes.