Geological features of Mars

Mars displays diverse geological features shaped by volcanic activity, impacts, and erosion. The massive volcano Olympus Mons is the tallest in the solar system, formed by repeated lava flows. Valles Marineris is a giant canyon system carved by tectonic processes and erosion, stretching over 4,000 km. The planet's surface also shows ancient river valleys and lake beds, indicating past liquid water. Fine dust and sand dominate the landscape, while polar ice caps hold frozen water and carbon dioxide. These features reveal a planet with a complex geological history involving volcanic eruptions, tectonics, and climate changes.