Geography of warfare

The geography of warfare examines how physical landscapes influence military strategies, tactics, and outcomes in conflicts. Factors like terrain, climate, and proximity to resources can dictate where battles occur and how forces are deployed. For example, mountains may restrict movement, while rivers can serve as natural barriers or supply routes. Urban areas can create conditions for guerrilla warfare. Understanding these geographical elements helps explain why certain regions experience prolonged conflicts or why some battles are won or lost despite superior forces, as the environment shapes the capabilities and strategies of opposing sides.