genetics of blood groups

Blood groups are determined by specific genes that encode proteins called antigens on the surface of red blood cells. The main systems are ABO and Rh. The ABO gene has three versions (A, B, and O) that produce different antigens, affecting compatibility. Rh factor is another gene that typically determines if someone is Rh-positive or Rh-negative, based on the presence or absence of a specific antigen. These genes are inherited from parents, following dominant and recessive patterns. Your blood type depends on the combination of these genes, influencing blood transfusion compatibility and other medical considerations.