genetic diseases

Genetic diseases are conditions caused by errors or changes in a person’s DNA, which contains the instructions for how the body develops and functions. These changes can be inherited from parents or occur spontaneously. Depending on the specific gene affected, a genetic disease may influence physical traits, organ function, or increase risk for certain illnesses. Examples include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Huntington's disease. While some genetic conditions are present from birth and affect quality of life, advances in medicine are helping improve management and treatments. Understanding genetics helps in diagnosis, prevention, and development of targeted therapies.