Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics

The Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the total entropy—the measure of disorder or randomness—of a system plus its surroundings (including black holes) never decreases over time. In simple terms, natural processes tend to move toward more disorder, and this principle applies even when considering complex objects like black holes, which can absorb energy and increase overall entropy. The law ensures that the universe's overall tendency remains toward greater disorder, guiding the evolution of both matter and energy on cosmic scales.