General Intelligence (g factor)

The general intelligence factor, known as the g factor, is a theoretical concept suggesting that a single underlying ability influences a person's performance across various cognitive tasks. In simple terms, it means that people who are good at one type of problem-solving or learning tend to also be good at others, because there's a common mental skill underlying different kinds of intelligence. The g factor helps explain individual differences in overall cognitive capability and is often reflected in performance on IQ tests, which aim to measure this general mental ability across diverse tasks.