Gauge bosons

Gauge bosons are fundamental particles that carry forces between other particles in the universe. They are the mediators of the four fundamental forces: gravity (hypothetically via gravitons), electromagnetism (photons), the weak nuclear force (W and Z bosons), and the strong nuclear force (gluons). These bosons enable particles to interact and influence each other through these forces, much like messengers transmitting signals across a network. Their existence and behavior are described by quantum field theories, and they ensure the consistency and symmetry of these fundamental interactions in the Standard Model of particle physics.