Galton's work on heredity

Francis Galton, a 19th-century scientist, studied heredity by examining how traits like height and intelligence are passed from parents to children. He introduced the idea that qualities are inherited and developed methods to measure how much parents influence their offspring’s traits. Galton also explored the concept of "regression to the mean," noting that extreme traits tend to move closer to average in subsequent generations. His work laid foundations for modern genetics and eugenics, emphasizing the importance of heredity in shaping human characteristics, while also recognizing environmental factors play a role.