β-galactosidase

β-galactosidase is an enzyme that helps break down a sugar called lactose, which is found in milk. It hydrolyzes (splits) lactose into two simpler sugars: glucose and galactose, making them easier for the body to absorb and use for energy. This enzyme is produced by certain bacteria and is also used in scientific research, such as in genetic experiments to monitor gene activity. In people who are lactose intolerant, a deficiency of β-galactosidase (lactase) can cause digestive discomfort after consuming dairy products.