Galactic Chemical Evolution

Galactic Chemical Evolution describes how galaxies change their chemical composition over time. As stars form, live, and die, they produce and release new elements—like carbon, oxygen, and metals—into space. These materials enrich the galaxy's gas, which then forms new stars with different chemical makeup. Over billions of years, this process builds up the complexity of elements in the galaxy, influencing star formation, planet development, and the emergence of life. Essentially, it’s the story of how the universe’s material changes and becomes more diverse throughout cosmic history.