Fuzzy Cognitive Maps

Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) are tools used to model complex systems by representing concepts and their relationships with degrees of influence. They use nodes to symbolize ideas or factors, and arrows to show how one concept affects another, with the strength and direction expressed in fuzzy, or uncertain, terms. This approach allows for exploring how changes in certain factors might lead to different outcomes, accommodating uncertainty and nuanced interactions. FCMs are useful in decision-making, system analysis, and predicting behavior in fields like economics, environment, and social sciences.