fundamental symmetries

Fundamental symmetries in physics are principles that reveal how the laws of nature remain unchanged under certain transformations. For example, if the universe looks the same when rotated in space, it exhibits rotational symmetry. Similarly, if the laws don’t change over time, there’s time-translation symmetry. Other examples include mirror symmetry (parity) and swapping particles with antiparticles (charge conjugation). These symmetries help physicists understand conservation laws and the underlying structure of the universe, guiding them in formulating and testing theories about how everything works at the most basic level.