Fundamental Forces of Nature

The fundamental forces of nature are the basic interactions that govern how everything in the universe behaves. There are four: gravity, which pulls objects with mass toward each other; electromagnetism, which affects electric charges and creates forces like magnetism; the strong nuclear force, which holds the nuclei of atoms together; and the weak nuclear force, responsible for certain types of radioactive decay. These forces operate at different scales and determine the structure and dynamics of the universe, from the behavior of particles to the motion of planets and stars.