functionalist theory

Functionalist theory views society as a complex system where each part—such as institutions, norms, and roles—serves a purpose to maintain stability and social order. It examines how these parts work together harmoniously to meet collective needs, much like organs within a body collaborate to keep it functioning. When each element fulfills its role effectively, society remains stable and cohesive. This perspective emphasizes cooperation and the importance of social institutions in fostering social equilibrium.