FTL (Flash Translation Layer)

The Flash Translation Layer (FTL) is a system inside SSDs (solid-state drives) that manages how data is stored on flash memory. Since flash memory has limitations—like writing only in limited cycles and needing data to be organized efficiently—FTL acts as a translator. It maps logical addresses (what the computer sees) to physical locations (where data physically resides). This helps optimize performance, extend the lifespan of the drive, and handle tasks like wear leveling and error correction transparently. Essentially, FTL ensures data is stored reliably and efficiently behind the scenes, making SSDs effective and durable.