Fresnel Transform

The Fresnel Transform is a mathematical tool used to describe how light waves change as they pass through or near objects, especially when the waves are relatively close to those objects. It's part of wave optics and helps predict how the wave's amplitude and phase evolve during propagation, capturing diffraction effects that occur over short distances. Think of it as a way to approximate the complex pattern of light bending and spreading when it encounters obstacles, allowing scientists and engineers to analyze and design optical systems such as microscopes, cameras, and holography setups with greater accuracy.