freshwater biodiversity

Freshwater biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms—such as fish, insects, amphibians, plants, and microorganisms—that inhabit rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetlands. These ecosystems support complex interactions and are vital for ecological balance, water quality, and supporting human needs like agriculture and recreation. Freshwater environments are among the most threatened habitats due to pollution, damming, invasive species, and climate change, leading to loss of species and ecosystem health. Protecting freshwater biodiversity is essential for maintaining resilient ecosystems and ensuring sustainable resources for future generations.