French Enlightenment thinkers

French Enlightenment thinkers were philosophers and writers in the 17th and 18th centuries who promoted ideas of reason, scientific inquiry, and individual rights. They challenged traditional authority, such as the church and monarchy, advocating for liberty, equality, and progress. Key figures include Voltaire, who defended free speech; Rousseau, who emphasized social contracts and democracy; and Montesquieu, who believed in separation of powers in government. Their ideas influenced revolutions and modern political thought, emphasizing that reason and evidence should guide human society and governance.