freeze-drying

Freeze-drying, also known as lyophilization, is a preservation process that removes moisture from food or other materials while keeping their structure intact. The item is first frozen solid, then placed under a vacuum. Under these conditions, the ice transforms directly into vapor (a process called sublimation), which is then safely extracted. This method preserves the original texture, flavor, and nutrients while significantly reducing weight and extending shelf life. Freeze-dried products rehydrate quickly with water, making them ideal for foods, pharmaceuticals, and biological samples.